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Damping off

Pythium spp. / Phytophthora spp.

Fungal diseaseHigh impact

Young seedlings collapse at or just below soil level, caused by fungal pathogens that thrive in overwatered, poorly ventilated growing conditions. Can spread rapidly through a seed tray.

Outside typical active season.

Key facts

Type
Fungal disease
Active season
Feb - Jun
Peak season
Mar - May
Vulnerable stages
Sown · Transplanted
Spread rate
fast
If confirmed
Act now

Signs & symptoms

  • -seedlings collapsing and shrivelling at the base of the stem
  • -thin, pinched-looking stem bases turning dark or translucent
  • -patches of lost seedlings that spread outward through a tray or row
  • -white fluffy mould sometimes visible on soil surface in humid conditions

Management

Do now

  • -Remove affected seedlings immediately to limit spread
  • -Reduce watering and allow the soil surface to dry between waterings
  • -Improve ventilation and airflow around the tray or growing area
  • -Separate healthy seedlings from affected trays

Prevention

  • -Use fresh, sterile growing medium - reused compost harbours more pathogens
  • -Sow at the recommended depth - too deep is a common cause of failure
  • -Use clean, rinsed trays and pots for seedling raising
  • -Water from below where possible to keep the surface drier

Further reading

  • -Damping off is caused by overwatering combined with poor ventilation - the pathogen needs consistently moist conditions near the stem base to take hold
  • -Spreading through a tray is rapid; removing affected seedlings early is the key to limiting losses